Note: You may reprint this cartoon provided you?link back to this source. To see more Legal Insurrection Branco cartoons,?click here. ?Branco?s ?page is?Cartoonist A.F.Branco
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Source: http://legalinsurrection.com/2013/02/branco-cartoon-rockets-red-glare/
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Feb. 6, 2013 ? Laboratory experiments conducted by scientists at Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center suggest that a novel combination of the drugs ibrutinib and bortezomib could potentially be an effective new therapy for several forms of blood cancer, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
The study, published in the British Journal of Hematology, showed that the experimental drug combination killed cancer cells through a form of cell suicide known as apoptosis, but was relatively non-toxic to normal, healthy cells. Ibrutinib is a new agent that inhibits the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling complex, which plays an important role in the survival of malignant B-cells. It has shown very promising initial results in the treatment of patients with B-cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), DLBCL and MCL. The synergistic interaction of the two drugs proved lethal even to lymphoma cells that had become resistant to bortezomib, when used alone.
"Bortezomib is currently used to treat MCL and multiple myeloma, but, unfortunately, many patients develop resistance to the drug," says the study's principle investigator Steven Grant, M.D., Shirley Carter Olsson and Sture Gordon Olsson Chair in Oncology Research, associate director for translational research, program co-leader of Developmental Therapeutics and Cancer Cell Signaling research member at VCU Massey Cancer Center. "We are hopeful that this combination therapy may circumvent such resistance and eventually help fill an urgent need for more effective therapies for patients with these uncommon blood disorders."
With cultured DLBCL and MCL cells in laboratory experiments spearheaded by Girija Dasmahapatra, Ph.D., lead author of the study's manuscript and instructor in the Department of Internal Medicine at VCU School of Medicine, the scientists found that ibrutinib blocked several molecular pathways that the cancer cells use for growth and survival. When ibrutinib was combined with bortezomib, the scientists observed a high level of synergism between the two drugs that resulted in profound cell death due to DNA damage, culminating in apoptosis. The research findings suggest that the effectiveness of the combination therapy against bortezomib-resistant lymphoma cells may stem from ibrutinib's ability to block signaling pathways used by the cancer cells to survive bortezomib exposure.
Specifically, exposure of DLBCL and MCL cells to ibrutinib blocked the cancer-promoting NF-?B, AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. These signaling pathways provide cells with the ability to adapt to otherwise harmful environmental stimuli by transmitting messages from receptors located at the cell's surface to proteins within the cell that trigger a variety of biological processes. In particular, NF-?B, AKT and ERK1/2 have been shown to carry out many functions that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate. Significantly, each of these pathways has been implicated in the development of resistance to proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib.
"We have provided a framework for understanding how an agent like ibrutinib might be employed to enhance the activity of an established anti-cancer agent like bortezomib," says Grant. "We are currently working with representatives from the pharmaceutical industry and the National Cancer Institute to develop a new treatment strategy in which ibrutinib will be combined with proteasome inhibitors like bortezomib for the treatment of patients with lymphomas and potentially other blood cancers."
Grant and Dasmahapatra collaborated on this study with Hiral Patel and Tri Nguyen, Ph.D., from the Department of Internal Medicine at VCU School of Medicine; Paul Dent, Ph.D., Universal Corporation Distinguished Professor for Cancer Cell Signaling, vice chair of the department of neurosurgery and member of the Developmental Therapeutics research program at VCU Massey; and Richard I. Fisher, M.D., and Jonathan Friedberg, M.D., from the James T. Wilmot Cancer Center at the University of Rochester.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/health_medicine/genes/~3/OkD5ZjNIuiM/130206121324.htm
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See Inside A trip to Iceland and a flight over the Sahara Desert help an atmospheric scientist study dust particles that seed clouds
Kelly Baustain Image: COURTESY OF SAMUEL DORSI
PROFILE
NAMES
Kelly Baustian
TITLE
Postdoctoral research fellow
LOCATION
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, England
The microphysics of cloud formation and the impact of clouds on climate are some of the biggest unresolved questions in climate change research right now. As part of Ben Murray's research group at the University of Leeds in England, my work focuses on ice nucleation, which refers to the formation of ice crystals in clouds. Such crystals generally require a surface for nucleation, and in the atmosphere those surfaces are minute particles, or aerosols. We'd like to know more about how pollutants and particulate matter that get into the atmosphere influence climate through cloud processes. Will pollution lead to more or fewer clouds? How is that going to effect global temperatures? Right now we can't really say.
In the first week of November of last year, my colleague Samuel Dorsi and I traveled to Iceland. The overall goal of the trip was to find some fine-grained sediment smaller than 10 microns, which is material we think is going to get into the atmosphere, for later laboratory experimentation.
Glacial erosion produces very fine sediments, and along the southern coast of Iceland these sediments are spread out on extensive floodplains. Iceland is an extremely windy place, where powerful winds meet broad glacial floodplains. Huge amounts of dust get lofted into the atmosphere. These dust plumes are so large they can be seen in satellite images, streaming for hundreds of kilometers off the coast.
Working our way along the south coast of Iceland, we'd stop on the wide-open plains that lie between the glaciers and the North Atlantic. We'd hike out across pitch-black volcanic cobble and sand in search of deposits of fine sediments.
The retrieved samples are now safely stored in the freezer because we want to preserve the original composition and chemistry as much as possible. In the lab, we suspend the dust in tiny cloud droplets and observe the temperatures at which they freeze.
Results from our experiments can be used in atmospheric models and give us a better understanding of the effects of cloud on climate. For example, low, liquid-water clouds reflect a lot of solar radiation back to space and have a net cooling effect, but high clouds like cirrus are optically thin and let solar radiation in.
View a slide show of Baustian's research trips to study dust involved in clouds
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This article was originally published with the title Cloud Catcher.
Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=e67dc855d48dfd851f22928b3141ebd0
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SAN DIEGO: Sony Electronics has issued an RFP for a PR AOR for its US consumer electronics business. Atomic PR is the account's incumbent.
The company is ?early on in the process,? said Valerie Motis, director of corporate communications at Sony Electronics.
She added that the review is an action that the ?procurement department requires every now and again? to make sure the business is getting the services it needs for the right price.
?We want to be sure that we're doing ...
Source: http://www.prweekus.com/sony-in-early-stages-of-consumer-electronics-pr-rfp/article/279395/
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Apparently chickens can fly, and we're glad they can in the new game Chicken Dynamo. Another entry into the casual side-scrolling category, Chicken Dynamo takes a proven gametype and adds some fun flare while keeping things simple. Similar to popular flying titles like Jetpack Joyride, this game offers gameplay that can be as simple or as challenging as you want to make it.
Read along after the break to see more of what Chicken Dynamo has to offer.
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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/0QNbF-6vEhk/story01.htm
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FILE - In this Thursday, July 19, 2012 file photo, a damaged bus is transported out of Burgas airport, Bulgaria, a day after a deadly suicide attack on a bus full of Israeli vacationers. Lebanon?s prime minister has expressed his readiness to cooperate with Bulgarian authorities over a bomb attack linked to Hezbollah that killed five Israelis and their Bulgarian driver, in a statement Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2013. Prime Minister Najib Mikati whose Cabinet is dominated by members of the Shiite Muslim group and its allies also says he condemns and rejects any attack that targets an Arab or foreign country.(AP Photo/ Impact Press Group, File)
FILE - In this Thursday, July 19, 2012 file photo, a damaged bus is transported out of Burgas airport, Bulgaria, a day after a deadly suicide attack on a bus full of Israeli vacationers. Lebanon?s prime minister has expressed his readiness to cooperate with Bulgarian authorities over a bomb attack linked to Hezbollah that killed five Israelis and their Bulgarian driver, in a statement Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2013. Prime Minister Najib Mikati whose Cabinet is dominated by members of the Shiite Muslim group and its allies also says he condemns and rejects any attack that targets an Arab or foreign country.(AP Photo/ Impact Press Group, File)
FILE - In this November 12, 2010 file photo, Hezbollah fighters hold their party flags, as they parade during the opening of new cemetery for colleagues who died in fighting against Israel, in a southern suburb of Beirut, Lebanon. Lebanon?s prime minister has expressed his readiness to cooperate with Bulgarian authorities over a bomb attack linked to Hezbollah that killed five Israelis and their Bulgarian driver, in a statement Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2013. Prime Minister Najib Mikati whose Cabinet is dominated by members of the Shiite Muslim group and its allies also says he condemns and rejects any attack that targets an Arab or foreign country.(AP Photo/Hussein Malla, File)
Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borissov, left, and Bulgarian Interior Minister Tsvetan Tsvetanov, right, enter the Consultative Council meeting on National Security at the Bulgarian President's office in Sofia, Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2013. Investigators are releasing a summary of their findings to the Bulgarian government Tuesday which is widely expected to link the militant group Hezbollah to the bus bomb attack on July 18, 2012, that killed five Israeli tourists in the coastal city of Burgas, Bulgaria. (AP Photo/Valentina Petrova)
Bulgarian officials attend the Consultative Council meeting on National Security at the Bulgarian President's office in Sofia, Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2013. Investigators are releasing a summary of their findings to the Bulgarian government Tuesday, which is widely expected to link the militant group Hezbollah to the bus bomb attack on July 18, 2012, that killed five Israeli tourists in the coastal city of Burgas, Bulgaria. (AP Photo/Valentina Petrova)
Europol's director Rob Wainwright looks on during an interview in The Hague, Netherlands, Monday Feb. 4, 2013. Investigators say a Canadian and an Australian are suspects in a remote-controlled bomb attack that killed Israeli tourists in Bulgaria. Authorities also said that evidence in the bombing pointed back to Lebanon and to the Islamist militant group Hezbollah. (AP Photo/Peter Dejong)
SOFIA, Bulgaria (AP) ? Hezbollah was behind a bus attack that killed five Israeli tourists in Bulgaria last year, investigators said Tuesday, describing a sophisticated bombing carried out by a terrorist cell that included Canadian and Australian citizens.
The first major announcement in the investigation carried broad diplomatic implications, as countries that consider the Shiite militant group to be a terrorist organization called on Europe ? which has resisted such a move ? to crack down on the group.
Interior Minister Tsvetan Tsvetanov said two of the suspects had been living in Lebanon for years ? one with a Canadian passport and the other with an Australian one. He said investigators had traced their activities back to their home countries.
"We have well-grounded reasons to suggest that the two were members of the militant wing of Hezbollah," Tsvetanov said after a meeting of Bulgaria's National Security Council.
A third suspect entered Bulgaria with them on June 28, he said, without giving details.
Within hours, Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati condemned the attack and said his country would cooperate fully.
Hezbollah, a Shiite militant group and political party in Lebanon that emerged in response to Israel's 1982 invasion, has been linked to attacks and kidnappings on Israeli and Jewish interests around the world.
The group has denied involvement in the Bulgaria bombing, and Hezbollah officials in Beirut declined further comment Tuesday. They customarily defer to Hezbollah leader Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah to comment on security issues.
The bomb exploded as the Israeli tourists made their way from the airport to their hotel in the Black Sea resort of Burgas. The blast also killed the Bulgarian driver and the suspected bomber, a tall and lanky pale-skinned man wearing a baseball cap and dressed like a tourist.
Although it was initially believed to be a suicide bombing, Europol Director Rob Wainwright told The Associated Press that investigators now believe the bomber never intended to die. He said a Europol expert who analyzed a fragment of a circuit board determined that the bomb was detonated remotely.
The investigators found no links to Iran, which Israel had accused of playing a role in the attack.
The findings increased pressure on Europe to declare Hezbollah to be a terrorist organization, as the United States and Canada do.
"The attack in Burgas was an attack on European land against a member of the European Union," Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said. "We hope the Europeans learn the proper conclusions from this about the true character of Hezbollah."
U.S. counterterrorism adviser John Brennan, who is President Barack Obama's nominee to run the Central Intelligence Agency, said Europe should seek to uncover Hezbollah's infrastructure and disrupt the group's finances and operational network.
Canadian Foreign Affairs Minister John Baird went further.
"We urge the European Union and all partners who have not already done so to list Hezbollah as a terrorist entity and prosecute terrorist acts committed by this inhumane organization to the fullest possible extent," he said.
Catherine Ashton, the European Union's top foreign and security official, said the EU needs to assess the implications of the investigation seriously but stressed any decision on adding Hezbollah to the EU list of terrorist organizations would require a unanimous decision by the foreign ministers of the 27 EU countries. Their next scheduled meeting is Feb. 18.
France and Germany, wary of coming under pressure to condemn the group, had urged investigators not to publicly name Hezbollah in the bombing, according to a U.S. official who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the news media.
Wainwright ? whose organization helps coordinate national police across the EU, which includes Bulgaria ? said in an interview that counterfeit U.S. driver's licenses that were found near the bombing scene were made in Lebanon. Tsvetanov said the fake licenses were from Michigan.
The investigators, he said, found no direct links to Iran or to any al-Qaida-affiliated terror group.
"The Bulgarian authorities are making quite a strong assumption that this is the work of Hezbollah," Wainwright said. "From what I've seen of the case ? from the very strong, obvious links to Lebanon, from the modus operandi of the terrorist attack and from other intelligence that we see ? I think that is a reasonable assumption."
For Hezbollah, the accusation comes at a horrible time.
Despite its formidable weapons arsenal and political clout in Lebanon, the group's credibility and maneuvering space has been reduced in recent years, largely because of the war in neighboring Syria but also because of unprecedented challenges at home.
Hezbollah still suffers from the fallout of a month-long 2006 war with Israel, in which it was blamed by many in the country for provoking an unnecessary conflict by kidnapping soldiers from the border area.
Since then, the group has come under increasing pressure at home to disarm, leading to sectarian tensions between Lebanese Shiite Hezbollah supporters and Sunni supporters from the opposing camp that have often spilled into deadly street fighting.
More recently, Hezbollah's support for the government of Syrian President Bashar Assad has proved costly to its reputation, and last week Israeli warplanes bombed what was believed to be a shipment of sophisticated anti-aircraft missiles headed to Hezbollah.
New troubles for Hezbollah could also add to Iran's international isolation. The Iranian regime is already under international sanctions for its suspect nuclear program, and has seen its position weaken due to its close ties with the Syrian regime. Its association with Hezbollah will likely further hurt Iran's international image.
Wainwright warned the attack is an indication of a real threat to Israelis and Jews in Europe.
"Even if it's not Hezbollah, it has still obviously been carried out by an organization with some capability in the world, so the threat remains," Wainwright said. "I don't want to exaggerate the scale of that threat, but I think law enforcement authorities ? government authorities ? should take notice of this incident and prepare for the possibility at least of similar attacks in Europe."
___
Matt Lee in Washington; Josef Federman in Jerusalem, Bassem Mroue and Zeina Karam in Beirut, Lebanon, Don Melvin in Brussels, and Rob Gillies contributed to this report.
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